Dunollie, New Zealand
Dunollie is a small town on the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand, approximately 8 km from Greymouth. It is at an elevation of approximately 30 meters.[1]
Dunollie was a station on the Rewanui line railway.[2] Coal deposits were discovered in the Paparoa Ranges.[3]
Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) extinction event
The Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) extinction event,also known as the Cretaceous–Tertiary (K–T) extinction, was a sudden mass extinction of three-quarters of the plant and animal species on Earth approximately 66 million years ago.[4]
Some 2 kilometers up the valley near the river bed and near the Moody Creek mine, a layer of rock was found where the formation of coal had abruptly ended some 66 million years ago. The top of the coal was coated with a thin layer of Iriduim and then there occurred a 40,000 year Fern Spike. This formation was key in proving the size, severity and the global nature of the Chixulub Impactor. The K–Pg extinction event was severe, global, rapid, and selective, eliminating a vast number of species. Based on marine fossils, it is estimated that 75% or more of all species were made extinct.[4]
References
- ^ "Dunollie, Grey District, West Coast, New Zealand". www.mindat.org. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ^ Churchman, Geoffrey B. (3 April 2024). The railways of New Zealand : a journey through history (2nd ed.). Transpress New Zealand. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-908876-20-4.
- ^ Bowen, "Paparoa Range", 1966 Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
- ^ a b c Vajda, Vivi; Raine, J. Ian; Hollis, Christopher J. (2001). "Indication of global deforestation at the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary by New Zealand fern spike". Science. 294 (5547): 1700–1702. Bibcode:2001Sci...294.1700V. doi:10.1126/science.1064706. PMID 11721051. S2CID 40364945.
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Greymouth Central Ward |
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Eastern Ward | |
Northern Ward | |
Southern Ward |
- Ahaura River
- Alexander River
- Barrytown Flats
- Big River
- Lake Brunner
- Clarke River
- Crooked River
- Eastern Hohonu River
- Greenstone River / Hokonui
- Grey River / Māwheranui
- Harper Pass
- Kangaroo Lake
- Little Hohonu River
- Nancy River
- Ōrangipuku River
- Otto River
- Paparoa Range
- Lake Poerua
- Poerua River
- Rough River
- Taramakau River
- Upper Grey River
- Waiheke River
- Waikiti River
- Arnold Power Station
- Bell Hill mill tramway
- Blackball Branch
- Blackball Museum of Working Class History
- Greymouth Airport
- Hannah's Building
- History House Museum
- John Sturgeon Park
- Kotuku Model Bungalow
- Left Bank Art Gallery
- Omoto locomotive dump
- Paparoa National Park
- Paparoa Track
- Pike29 Memorial Track
- Pike River Mine
- Rapahoe Branch
- Rewanui Branch
- Ross Branch
- Runanga Miners' Hall
- Shantytown Heritage Park
- Stillwater–Ngākawau Line
- Tyneside Mine
- Wingham Park
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