Jacinto Benavente
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Jacinto Benavente | |
---|---|
Born | (1866-08-12)12 August 1866 Madrid, Spain |
Died | 14 July 1954(1954-07-14) (aged 87) Madrid, Spain |
Nationality | Spanish |
Notable awards | Nobel Prize in Literature 1922 |
Jacinto Benavente y Martínez (12 August 1866 – 14 July 1954) was one of the foremost Spanish dramatists of the 20th century. He was awarded the 1922 Nobel Prize in Literature "for the happy manner in which he has continued the illustrious traditions of the Spanish drama".[1]
Biography
Born in Madrid, the son of a celebrated pediatrician, he returned drama to reality by way of social criticism: declamatory verse giving way to prose, melodrama to comedy, formula to experience, impulsive action to dialogue and the play of minds. Benavente showed a preoccupation with aesthetics and later with ethics.
A liberal monarchist and a critic of socialism, he was a reluctant supporter of Francoist Spain as the only viable alternative to what he considered the disastrous republican experiment of 1931–1936. In 1936 Benavente's name became associated with the assassination of the Spanish poet and dramatist Federico García Lorca. This happened when the Nationalist newspapers Estampa, El Correo de Andalucia, and Ideal circulated a fake news story that Lorca had been killed as a reprisal for the Republican murder of Benavente.[2] Benavente died in Aldeaencabo de Escalona (Toledo) at the age of 87. He never married. According to many sources, he was a gay man.[3][4]
Principal works
Jacinto Benavente wrote 172 works. Among his most important works are:[5][6]
- El nido ajeno (Another's Nest, 1894), comedy, three acts.
- Gente conocida (High Society, 1896), satirical scenes of modern life, four acts.
- La Gobernadora (The Governor's Wife, 1901), comedy, three acts.
- La noche del sábado (Saturday Night, 1903), stage romance, five divisions; Imperia is a ballerina and later prostitute who falls in love with Prince Miguel, who will take the throne of Swabia.
- Rosas de otoño (Autumnal Roses, 1905), sentimental comedy, three acts.
- Los intereses creados (The Bonds of Interest, 1907), comedy of masks based on the Italian commedia dell'arte; Benavente's most famous and often performed work.
- Señora ama (The Lady of the House, 1908), rural drama; a penetrating psychological study of a woman jealous of her husband.
- El príncipe que todo lo aprendió en los libros (1909)
- The Unloved Woman (La malquerida), 1913), rural psychological drama, three acts; the basis for the 1921 film The Passion Flower, starring Norma Talmadge.
- La ciudad alegre y confiada (1916), continuation from Los intereses creados.
- Campo de armiño (1916)
- Lecciones de buen amor (1924)
- La mariposa que voló sobre el mar (1926)
- Pepa Doncel (1928)
- Vidas cruzadas (1929)
- Aves y pájaros (1940)
- La honradez de la cerradura (1942)
- La infanzona (1945)
- Titania (1946)
- La infanzona (1947)
- Abdicación (1948)
- Ha llegado Don Juan (1952)
- El alfiler en la boca (1954)
- Hijos, padres de sus padres (Sons, Fathers of Their Parents, 1954)
References
- ^ "Jacinto Benavente - Facts". Nobelprize.org. Nobel Media AB 2014. Retrieved 27 December 2015.
- ^ Gibson, Ian (1987). The Assassination of Federico García Lorca. London: Penguin Books. pp. 152–153.
- ^ Villena, Luis Antonio de, ed. (2002), Amores iguales. Antología de la poesía gay y lésbica (in Spanish), Madrid: La Esfera, ISBN 84-9734-061-2
- ^ Garzón, Juan Ignacio García (14 July 2004), "La paradoja del comediógrafo", ABC (in Spanish), ABC.es, retrieved 2007-09-19
- ^ van Horn, John; Benavente, Jacinto (1918). Heath's Modern Language Series: Tres Comedias. D. C. Heath & Co. Retrieved 27 December 2015.
- ^ Frenz, Horst, ed. (1969). "Jacinto Benavente - Biographical". Nobel Lectures, Literature 1901-1967. Amsterdam: Elsevier Publishing Company, NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on Jan 5, 2016. Retrieved 27 December 2015.
External links
Jacinto Benavente
- Works by Jacinto Benavente at Project Gutenberg
- Works by or about Jacinto Benavente at Internet Archive
- Works by Jacinto Benavente
- List of Works
- Petri Liukkonen. "Jacinto Benavente". Books and Writers.
- Jacinto Benavente on Nobelprize.org
- Biography and bibliography at Noble-Winners.com (unofficial) website
- Brief article in the Columbia Encyclopedia Online
- Encyclopedia of World Biography article, reproduced at BookRags.com
- Newspaper clippings about Jacinto Benavente in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW
- v
- t
- e
- 1901: Sully Prudhomme
- 1902: Theodor Mommsen
- 1903: Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
- 1904: Frédéric Mistral / José Echegaray
- 1905: Henryk Sienkiewicz
- 1906: Giosuè Carducci
- 1907: Rudyard Kipling
- 1908: Rudolf Eucken
- 1909: Selma Lagerlöf
- 1910: Paul Heyse
- 1911: Maurice Maeterlinck
- 1912: Gerhart Hauptmann
- 1913: Rabindranath Tagore
- 1914
- 1915: Romain Rolland
- 1916: Verner von Heidenstam
- 1917: Karl Gjellerup / Henrik Pontoppidan
- 1918
- 1919: Carl Spitteler
- 1920: Knut Hamsun
- 1921: Anatole France
- 1922: Jacinto Benavente
- 1923: W. B. Yeats
- 1924: Władysław Reymont
- 1925: George Bernard Shaw
- 1926: Grazia Deledda
- 1927: Henri Bergson
- 1928: Sigrid Undset
- 1929: Thomas Mann
- 1930: Sinclair Lewis
- 1931: Erik Axel Karlfeldt (posthumously)
- 1932: John Galsworthy
- 1933: Ivan Bunin
- 1934: Luigi Pirandello
- 1935
- 1936: Eugene O'Neill
- 1937: Roger Martin du Gard
- 1938: Pearl S. Buck
- 1939: Frans Eemil Sillanpää
- 1940
- 1941
- 1942
- 1943
- 1944: Johannes V. Jensen
- 1945: Gabriela Mistral
- 1946: Hermann Hesse
- 1947: André Gide
- 1948: T. S. Eliot
- 1949: William Faulkner
- 1950: Bertrand Russell
- 1951: Pär Lagerkvist
- 1952: François Mauriac
- 1953: Winston Churchill
- 1954: Ernest Hemingway
- 1955: Halldór Laxness
- 1956: Juan Ramón Jiménez
- 1957: Albert Camus
- 1958: Boris Pasternak
- 1959: Salvatore Quasimodo
- 1960: Saint-John Perse
- 1961: Ivo Andrić
- 1962: John Steinbeck
- 1963: Giorgos Seferis
- 1964: Jean-Paul Sartre (declined award)
- 1965: Mikhail Sholokhov
- 1966: Shmuel Yosef Agnon / Nelly Sachs
- 1967: Miguel Ángel Asturias
- 1968: Yasunari Kawabata
- 1969: Samuel Beckett
- 1970: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
- 1971: Pablo Neruda
- 1972: Heinrich Böll
- 1973: Patrick White
- 1974: Eyvind Johnson / Harry Martinson
- 1975: Eugenio Montale
- 1976: Saul Bellow
- 1977: Vicente Aleixandre
- 1978: Isaac Bashevis Singer
- 1979: Odysseas Elytis
- 1980: Czesław Miłosz
- 1981: Elias Canetti
- 1982: Gabriel García Márquez
- 1983: William Golding
- 1984: Jaroslav Seifert
- 1985: Claude Simon
- 1986: Wole Soyinka
- 1987: Joseph Brodsky
- 1988: Naguib Mahfouz
- 1989: Camilo José Cela
- 1990: Octavio Paz
- 1991: Nadine Gordimer
- 1992: Derek Walcott
- 1993: Toni Morrison
- 1994: Kenzaburō Ōe
- 1995: Seamus Heaney
- 1996: Wisława Szymborska
- 1997: Dario Fo
- 1998: José Saramago
- 1999: Günter Grass
- 2000: Gao Xingjian
- 2001: V. S. Naipaul
- 2002: Imre Kertész
- 2003: J. M. Coetzee
- 2004: Elfriede Jelinek
- 2005: Harold Pinter
- 2006: Orhan Pamuk
- 2007: Doris Lessing
- 2008: J. M. G. Le Clézio
- 2009: Herta Müller
- 2010: Mario Vargas Llosa
- 2011: Tomas Tranströmer
- 2012: Mo Yan
- 2013: Alice Munro
- 2014: Patrick Modiano
- 2015: Svetlana Alexievich
- 2016: Bob Dylan
- 2017: Kazuo Ishiguro
- 2018: Olga Tokarczuk
- 2019: Peter Handke
- 2020: Louise Glück
- 2021: Abdulrazak Gurnah
- 2022: Annie Ernaux
- 2023: Jon Fosse
- 2024: to be announced